Variables can hold values of different data types. Python is a dynamically typed language hence we need not define the type of the variable while declaring it. The interpreter implicitly binds the value with its type.
Python enables us to check the type of the variable used in the program. Python provides us the type() function which returns the type of the variable passed.
Consider the following example to define the values of different data types and checking its type.
A=10 b="Hi Python" c = 10.5 print(type(a)); print(type(b)); print(type(c));
A variable can hold different types of values. For example, a person's name must be stored as a string whereas its id must be stored as an integer.
Python provides various standard data types that define the storage method on each of them. The data types defined in Python are given below.
In this section of the tutorial, we will give a brief introduction of the above data types. We will discuss each one of them in detail later in this tutorial.
Number stores numeric values. Python creates Number objects when a number is assigned to a variable. For example;
a = 3 , b = 5 #a and b are number objects
Python supports 4 types of numeric data.
Python allows us to use a lower-case L to be used with long integers. However, we must always use an upper-case L to avoid confusion.
A complex number contains an ordered pair, i.e., x + iy where x and y denote the real and imaginary parts respectively).
The string can be defined as the sequence of characters represented in the quotation marks. In python, we can use single, double, or triple quotes to define a string.
String handling in python is a straightforward task since there are various inbuilt functions and operators provided.
In the case of string handling, the operator + is used to concatenate two strings as the operation "hello"+" python" returns "hello python".
The operator * is known as repetition operator as the operation "Python " *2 returns "Python Python ".
The following example illustrates the string handling in python.
str1 = 'hello rookienerd' #string str1 str2 = ' how are you' #string str2 print (str1[0:2]) #printing first two character using slice operator print (str1[4]) #printing 4th character of the string print (str1*2) #printing the string twice print (str1 + str2) #printing the concatenation of str1 and str2
We can use slice [:] operators to access the data of the list. The concatenation operator (+) and repetition operator (*) works with the list in the same way as they were working with the strings.
Consider the following example.
l = [1, "hi", "python", 2] print (l[3:]); print (l[0:2]); print (l); print (l + l); print (l * 3);
A tuple is similar to the list in many ways. Like lists, tuples also contain the collection of the items of different data types. The items of the tuple are separated with a comma (,) and enclosed in parentheses ().
A tuple is a read-only data structure as we can't modify the size and value of the items of a tuple.
Let's see a simple example of the tuple.
t = ("hi", "python", 2)
print (t[1:]);
print (t[0:1]);
print (t);
print (t + t);
print (t * 3);
print (type(t))
t[2] = "hi";Dictionary is an ordered set of a key-value pair of items. It is like an associative array or a hash table where each key stores a specific value. Key can hold any primitive data type whereas value is an arbitrary Python object.
The items in the dictionary are separated with the comma and enclosed in the curly braces {}.
Consider the following example.
d = {1:'Jimmy', 2:'Alex', 3:'john', 4:'mike'};
print("1st name is "+d[1]);
print("2nd name is "+ d[4]);
print (d);
print (d.keys());
print (d.values());
