Static Binding and Dynamic Binding

static binding and dynamic binding in java

Connecting a method call to the method body is known as binding.

There are two types of binding

  1. Static Binding (also known as Early Binding).
  2. Dynamic Binding (also known as Late Binding).
Static vs. Dynamic Binding in java

Understanding Type

Let's understand the type of instance.

variables have a type

Each variable has a type, it may be primitive and non-primitive.

Example
snippet
int data=30;

Here data variable is a type of int.

References have a type
Example
snippet
class Dog{
 public static void main(String args[]){
  Dog d1;//Here d1 is a type of Dog
 }
}
Objects have a type

An object is an instance of particular java class,but it is also an instance of its superclass.

Example
snippet
class Animal{}

class Dog extends Animal{
 public static void main(String args[]){
  Dog d1=new Dog();
 }
}

Here d1 is an instance of Dog class, but it is also an instance of Animal.

static binding

When type of the object is determined at compiled time(by the compiler), it is known as static binding.

If there is any private, final or static method in a class, there is static binding.

Example
snippet
class Dog{
 private void eat(){System.out.println("dog is eating...");}

 public static void main(String args[]){
  Dog d1=new Dog();
  d1.eat();
 }
}

Dynamic binding

When type of the object is determined at run-time, it is known as dynamic binding.

Example
snippet
class Animal{
 void eat(){System.out.println("animal is eating...");}
}

class Dog extends Animal{
 void eat(){System.out.println("dog is eating...");}

 public static void main(String args[]){
  Animal a=new Dog();
  a.eat();
 }
}
Output
dog is eating...

In the above example object type cannot be determined by the compiler, because the instance of Dog is also an instance of Animal.So compiler doesn't know its type, only its base type.

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