TypeScript is an open-source pure object-oriented programing language. It is a strongly typed superset of JavaScript which compiles to plain JavaScript. TypeScript is developed and maintained by Microsoft under the Apache 2 license. It is not directly run on the browser. It needs a compiler to compile and generate in JavaScript file. TypeScript source file is in ".ts" extension. We can use any valid ".js" file by renaming it to ".ts" file. TypeScript is the ES6 version of JavaScript with some additional features.
Anders Hejlsberg developed TypeScript. It was first introduced for the public in the month of 1 October 2012. After two years of internal development at Microsoft, the new version of TypeScript 0.9 was released in 2013. The current version of TypeScript is TypeScript 3.4.5 which was released on 24 April 2019.
ECMAScript (ES) is a scripting language specification standardized by ECMA international. It was created to standardize JavaScript. The ES scripting language contains many implementations, and the most popular is JavaScript. The developers use ECMAScript mostly for client-side scripting of World Wide Web (WWW).
The sixth edition of ECMAScript standard is ECMAScript6 or ES6 and later renamed as ECMAScript 2015. It is a major enhancement to the JavaScript language, which allows us to write programs for complex applications. It adds many features intended to make large-scale software development easier. The most common ES6 web-browsers are Chrome and Firefox. A transpiler converts the ES6 based code into ES5 which is supported many browsers. TypeScript is a transpiler. Grunt, Gulp, and Babel are some other transpilers to compile the modules. Therefore, TypeScript supports ES6.
JavaScript introduced in May 1995 by Brendan Eich. It was initially called Mocha, a name chosen by Netscape founder Marc Andreessen, and later renamed to LiveScript. At the same time, Sun Microsystems owned the trademark for JavaScript. In December 1995, Netscape acquired a trademark license and renamed it to JavaScript.
In between 1996 and 1997, Netscape took JavaScript to the ECMA standards organization to maintain a specification for the language. In June 1997, the ECMA Technical Committee 39 (TC39) was created to continue to evolve the language, eventually releasing ECMA-262 Ed.1.
The first standard version of JavaScript was ECMAScript 1 was released on June 1997. After a year later, ECMAScript 2 was released, which contains only minor changes to keep a parallel ISO standard for JavaScript. In December 1999, ECMAScript 3 was released, which introduces a lot of popular features of JavaScript. In December 2009, ECMAScript or ES6 was published and subsequently renamed to ECMAScript 2015.
| TypeScript | ES6 | |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | TypeScript is a free and open-source pure object-oriented programming language. It is developed and maintained by Microsoft. | ES6 is a version of ECMAScript (ES), which is a scripting language specification standardized by ECMA international. |
| Explanation | Typescript is to eradicate the development errors. | ES6 is comparatively more flexible in development time. |
| Data-Types | TypeScript supports all primitive data types. | ES6 does not support all data types. |
| Features | TypeScript contains features such as generics and type annotations, Inference, Enums, and Interfaces. | ES6 does not support these features. |
| Scope | Typescript has three scopes.
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ES6 has two scopes.
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| Decision-Making |
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| Modules | TypeScript Modules are of two types:
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We can classify the ES6 modules in two ways:
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| Loop | Typescript and ES6 both are having same loops.
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Typescript and ES6 both are having same loops.
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| Why choose | The developers choose TypeScript:
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The developers choose ES6:
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| Company using | The list of companies which uses TypeScript are:
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The list of companies which uses ES6 are:
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